Category Archives: Moon

Astrophotography from Sydney

Article originally written for the AAO’s Newsletter published on 29th June 2021.

During the last year I’ve been setting up my telescope in the backyard to do astrophotography as an amateur astronomer. This has been possible thanks to getting a good mount (Skywatcher AZ-EQ6-Pro) that allows me to do auto-guiding, and using a little but very clever device (it’s a modified Raspberri Pi manufactured by ZWO called “ASIAir”) that allows me to connect mount and cameras (the main camera for astrophotography and the auxiliary camera for auto-guiding) together, being everything controlled using my son’s iPad (who, with only 8 years, has been also helping me with all of this). In the last months I’ve been able to get a process so smooth that I only need 10 minutes for setup (checking polar alignment, guiding, focus) and then the telescope is observing all the night (it will automatically move to a parked position at the end of the run).

My amateur telescope equipment in April 2021
My amateur telescope equipment in the backyard (15 km from Sydney’s centre) ready for astrophotography in April 2021. The telescope is my Skywatcher Black Diamond 80, f=600mm (f/7.5) that I bought for the Transit of Venus 2012. The x0.8 Orion focal reducer is included here. I use the ZWO ASIAir to control the main camera, the mount (Skywatcher AZ-EQ6 Pro) and the guiding system (ASI120MM + Orion 50mm finderscope). The ZWO Filter Wheel has 7 positions with 2” filters (ZWO LBGR filters, Baader 3.5nn H-alpha, Antlia 3nm [O III], and a hand-made dark filter). The main camera is a ZWO 1600MM-Pro, usually set at -20C.

I must confess this has been a lot of fun for me, also for keeping extra busy and awake during the many meetings / workshops in the middle of the night we all are having lately. I’m getting some nice photos, particularly of nebulae, as I’m using some ultra-narrow (3.5nm thickness) H-alpha and [O III] filters. One of my favourite images is the Cat’s Paw nebula, who would have told me just some few years ago I will be able to get such an image with all these details using a 80mm refractor telescope in Sydney!

Fire in the Cat's Paw Nebula
Deep H-alpha image of the Cat’s Paw Nebula (NGC 6334) in Scorpius obtained from my backyard, 15 km from Sydney’s city centre. All the information in my Flickr. Credit: Ángel R. López-Sánchez (AAO-MQ).

Hence, when last May, I was starting to use TAIPAN and observing with this new instrument, I couldn’t help myself…

While Tayyaba and Anthony helped me to get trained for TAIPAN observing, I decided to check if the instrument could be used for observing HII regions in the outskirts of the nearby spiral galaxy M 83, as well as observing the dwarf galaxies in the neighbourhood. Unfortunately this has been hard for the 1.2m UKST because of the faintness of the targets, but at least I got some test data from the central parts of M83 and some dwarf galaxies, including beautiful starburst NGC 5253. 

However, I was thrilled to be using TAIPAN to observe M83 while, at the same time, in my backyard, my small telescope was also observing M 83 to get a new color-image of this galaxy. It was quite exciting and rewarding!

Colour image of M83  and surroundings combining data in B, G, R and Luminosity filters (8 hours in total combining 2 minute exposures). Data taken on 16 and 17 May 2021 while observing with TAIPAN remotely from my home office. This is still work in progress. Credit: Ángel R. López-Sánchez (AAO-MQ).

This image is still work in process, because we need to take usually hundreds of frames in each filter to get a good astronomical image to mitigate the light pollution plus reducing the background noise as much as we can. And, of course, dealing later with the processing of the data (it’s not that hard as it sounds, there is actually some software already available for amateur astronomers that does this very quickly in a very efficient way, even considering darks, flats, offsets and median stacking with different options). Also, I still need to add the H-alpha data in this image to emphasise the star-forming regions in the spiral disk of M 83. Unfortunately, the weather over Sydney during the last weeks has not being very good for astrophotography, but I hope to get the rest of the data soon.

Additionally, on Wednesday 26th May we enjoyed a total lunar eclipse. I took almost 2000 images of the event while I was participating in an online live event with many schools in Spain (8000+ views during the day). The telescope setup in this case was different, as I used my CANON 5D Mark III DSLR as main camera attached to my telescope. But, even though the totality of this lunar eclipse was short (only around 15 minutes), I got a very nice image of the eclipsed moon. For this image I combined the same data independently for getting the stars and the moon, and merged them together later.

Total Lunar Eclipse - 26 May 2021
Total Lunar Eclipse on 26th May 2021. This image combines 50 x 1″ exposures, ISO 800, obtained with my CANON 5D Mark III attached at primary focus of my Skywatcher Black Diamond 80mm f600mm (F/7.5) during the Total Lunar Eclipse on Wednesday 26 May 2021, between 9:00pm and 9:04pm, Sydney local time. Full description and high resolution image here. Credit: Ángel R. López-Sánchez (AAO-MQ).

Image

Total Lunar Eclipse – 26 May 2021

Total Lunar Eclipse - 26 May 2021

This image combines 50 x 1″ exposures, ISO 800, obtained with my CANON 5D Mark III attached at primary focus of my Skywatcher Black Diamond 80mm f600mm (F/7.5) during the Total Lunar Eclipse on Wednesday 26 May 2021, between 9:00pm and 9:04pm, Sydney local time.

The frames were manually aligned with Photoshop, then extracted as new frames to Lynkeos, that did the fine alignment. Drizzling x2 was also used. Then the combined image was taken to Photoshop, where the colour, highlights/shadows, and contrast were tuned. This got only the image of the eclipsed moon.

Additionally, I combined the full 266 x 1″ images I took during totality using Siril to get the stellar background.

They two combined frames (eclipsed moon + stars) were combined with Photoshop with a bit of extra tuning to get a nice background.

The image taken at 9:03pm was used as reference for the alignment.

All the data were taken during the 4 hours “ONLINE” event “Conversaciones astronómicas bajo la luna eclipsada” that I organised with the “Red Andaluza de Astronomía” (RAdA), “Agrupación Astronómica de Córdoba” (AAC), “Asociación de Lengua y Cultura Española” (ALCE) de Australia and the “Spanish Researchers in Australia-Pacific” (SRAP-IEAP), that was followed by many schools in Spain.

I also want to thank Alicia Lozano (RAdA), Héctor Socas-Navarro (Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias), María Ribes (Universidad de Alicante) and Alberto Aparici (Instituto de Física Corpuscular de Valencia) for the conversation they had during the event while I was taking this images.

Full resolution image in My Flickr.

Credit: Ángel R. López-Sánchez (Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University).

Pink SuperMoon (or not)

Pink SuperMoon (or not)

Image of the (not) Pink (you won’t see the difference) Super Moon obtained from our backyard in Sydney on Tuesday 27th April 2021, at 8:30pm local time.

This image combines 50 frames, 35ms each, obtained with a ZWO 1600MM-Pro at -20C, gain 100, using a ultra-narrow (3.5nm thick) H-alpha Baader filter.

The telescope used was a refractor Skywatcher Black Diamond 80mm, with a x0.75 focal reducer (effective focal length of 430mm) on a Skywatcher AZ-EQ6 Pro mount, everything controlled with the ZWO ASIAir.

The images (not corrected for darks or flatfield) were aligned and stacked using the Lynkeos software, also using the x2 Drizzle. The combined FITS image was then converted into TIF using Fits Liberator considering an Asinh scaling. Further adjustments with the contrast, shadows/highlights, and smart sharpening was performed in Photoshop.

Credit of the image: Luke López-Planells & Ángel R. López-Sánchez (AAO-MQ).

A high-resolution version of this image is available in MyFlickr.

The Phases of the Moon

The phases of the Moon

Combination of 8 images taken during January and March 2019 showing different phases of the Moon.

These images, with many more not shown here, are part of a educational exercise conducted with my son, Luke, who was 6 years old then (Year 1), and who actually took all the photos.

Each image combines ~150 frames, all taken with my Skywatcher Black Diamond 80mm, f/7.5, using my CANON EOS 5D Mark III at primary focus, from Freshwater, Sydney.

The data were stacked using the free Lynkeos software, and then processed with Photoshop to increase the shadows/highlights, correct colour, smart sharpen for getting a better contrast of the craters, and luminosity.

One of these images has been used in the article published in ABC Science today discussing the discovery of water in the surface of the Moon by the SOFIA observatory.

Credit: Luke López Planells (Year 1, Manly West Primary School) & Ángel R. López-Sánchez (Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University).

Full resolution image in my Flickr.

Tonight’s “supermoon” on ABC Science

Today I’ve been interviewed in ABC Science about the “Supermoon” that we can enjoy tonight, 7th May 2020. For this we have used some of the images of the moon that my son and me have been taking during the last year.

I want to thank Genelle Weule for the excellent questions and for her great interest about astronomy and astrophotography.